Некоторые тренды современных исследований психосоматических ассоциаций у подростков (по материалам публикаций в зарубежных журналах)

Аннотация

Введение. В статье представлен обзор результатов работ по изучению ассоциаций между физическим и психологическим статусом подростков, опубликованных в англоязычных журналах в период с 2011 по 2024 год. Приведённые в статье данные намечают основные направления актуальных исследований в данной области и позволяют отечественным специалистам глубже ознакомиться с теми проблемами и подходами к их решению, которые практикуются сегодня зарубежными коллегами.

Материал и методы. Для анализа были выбраны публикации, где изложены результаты исследований достаточно представительных по численности выборок подростков из разных стран и разной этнической принадлежности. Подобный подход, с одной стороны, позволяет выделить проблемы, актуальные сегодня для подростков в целом, вне зависимости от места исследования, с другой стороны, наметить некоторые региональные различия в особенностях и динамике психосоматических ассоциаций.

Результаты. Современные зарубежные исследования связей физического и психического статуса подростков освещают значение для подростков самооценки их внешности, прежде всего, массы тела, и связанных с этим психологических проблем: общих нарушений в эмоционально-поведенческой сфере, влияния нереалистичных моделей внешности как триггера неупорядоченного пищевого поведения, снижения самооценки, трудностей во взаимоотношениях со сверстниками и семьей. Авторами публикаций предлагаются различные стратегии в принятии подростками образа собственного тела и обсуждается их эффективность. Новым и перспективным направлением исследований представляется изучение влияния на подростков социальных сетей.

Заключение. Широкий диапазон проблем, связанных с физическим и психическим здоровьем подростков, предполагает дальнейшее развитие междисциплинарных исследований с учётом основных трендов, обозначенных в публикациях зарубежных научных журналов.

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