Современные реконструкции климатических условий Европы и Восточной Азии в течение средневекового климатического оптимума и малого ледникового периода (научный обзор)

Аннотация

Введение. Настоящий обзор посвящен исследованиям в области климатической истории Евразии последних 1500 лет.

Материалы и методы. Рассматриваются и сравниваются результаты работ по палеоклиматологии, большая часть которых опубликована в течение последних 15 лет. Кратко описываются методы, с помощью которых получены реконструкции климатов прошлого – палинологический, дендрохронологический, гляциологический (на основе изучения ледниковых кернов).

Результаты. Описываются современные реконструкции климата территории Европы и Восточной Азии в течение двух важнейших климатических событий прошлого тысячелетия – средневековой теплой эпохи X–XIII вв. и малого ледникового периода XV–XIX веков. Приводится информация о влиянии климатических условий этих эпох на жизнь и хозяйственную деятельность населения Европы и Китая.

Заключение. Сравнение реконструкций, происходящих из разных регионов Евразии подтверждают глобальный характер, который носили потепления и похолодания в эти эпохи, а также связь между многолетними метеорологическими явлениями в Европе и Азии.

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