Dmitry Nikolaevich Anuchin (1843-1923): a name in science and on Earth

Abstract

Introduction. In 2023, the 140th anniversary of Dmitry Nikolaevich Anuchin was celebrated. Anuchin's scientific and pedagogical activities are inextricably linked with Moscow University. This article is devoted to the life and scientific activity of this outstanding Russian scientist.

Materials and Methods. Literary sources were used. Analytical and chronological research methods were applied in the study.

Results and Discussion. The material of the article is presented in sections: “Work in OLEAE[1]”, “Scientific Activity”, “Pedagogical Activity”, “Educational Activity” and “Organizational Activity”. Anuchin has made significant contributions to anthropology, ethnology, geography and archaeology, and has written more than 600 scientific papers, including reviews and overviews. He actively participated in the work of the Society of Lovers of Natural Science, Anthropology and Ethnography (OLEAE), he
held the positions of secretary and president in different years. His reports were important sources of information, especially concerning Japan in the context of the Russian-Japanese war. As a teacher, Anuchin founded the Departments of Anthropology and Geography at Moscow University and developed new training courses. This contributed to the reform of the teaching of geography and anthropology in Russia. Anuchin's educational activities were expressed not only in publishing articles in popular publications, but also in financing the opening of libraries in his parents' native villages. These libraries have become cultural centers for local residents. Anuchin organized the creation of new scientific journals: "Earth Science" and «Russian Anthropological Journal». He also created an Anthropological and Geographical Museum in Moscow. After the October Revolution, he continued his active work in scientific communities, and initiated the creation of the Institute of Anthropology and the Institute of Geography.

Conclusion. Anuchin's name is immortalized in plaques, street names and geographical objects, including a crater on the Moon. This indicates the great importance of this Person for science. Dmitry Nikolaevich is buried at the Vagankovsky Cemetery in Moscow. His grave is recognized as an object of cultural heritage. The article highlights the importance of Anuchin's legacy and encourages the younger generation of scientists to study his achievements and ideas. © 2025. This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 license

 

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