Karandasheva Victoria Olegovna

Introduction. Physical development of younger generation is considered to be important part of age biology issues. This research aimed to conduct the assessment study on physical development of modern children and adolescents born and permanently living in extreme conditions of the North-East of Russia, and compare it to the 2001 survey.

Materials and methods. Four thousand two hundred and seven schoolchildren aged 10–17, both males and females, participated in the 2019 monitoring. Basic anthropometric parameters were measured for each student: Body Length, Body Mass, Chest Circumference in pause, and Body Mass Index was calculated. We comparatively analyzed the age dynamics of the studied anthropometric indicators and the rate of change in these indicators during the year within each age group, as well as differences between the same age groups of the 2001 and 2019 surveys.

Results. Modern adolescents tend to be higher in somatometric indices as compared to those of previous years. Modern boys exhibited higher BM within the age of 13–16 (p<0.05), BL within the age of 11–16 (p<0.05), and CC at the age of 17 (p<0.05). They experience the active increase in their BM, BL, and CC starting at 12–13 while the boys from the 2001 survey demonstrated the comparable increase (p<0.05), they are higher in BM at the age of 12–15 (p<0.05), and CC at ages of 11 and 13–14 (p<0.05). Modern girls show the active increase in their BM, BL, and CC starting at 11–13, while it lasted until the age of 14 in the girls from the 2001 survey. The BMI variables proved to increase towards overweight and obesity: boys gained 2.2 kg and 5.4 kg, and girls 9.5 kg and 5 kg, respectively.

Conclusion. We found the shift of the growth leaps in BL, BM, and CC to younger ages as characteristic of the modern adolescents. In general, higher variables of the studied indicators are evidence of the ongoing acceleration processes in physical development. © 2023. This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 license

Introduction. This study compared body mass index and arterial blood pressure indices in boys and girls born in Magadan fr om ages eleven to seventeen.

Material and methods. A total of 633 girls and 784 boys aged 11–17 were randomly sampled for the examination which was fulfilled in school physician’s offices and in the summer period of June-July, 2018–2019, in a children’s health camp. Body length (BL, cm) and body mass (BM, kg) were measured, and BMI was calculated for each student. A complex of hard & software unit for noninvasive study of central hemodynamics and the method of volumetric compression oscillometry were used to test subjective cardiohemodynamic performance at rest.

Results. At the age of 14–17, boys tended to be higher in systolic blood pressure (mmHg) and body mass (kg) than girls (p <0.01, p <0.01). Girls, compared with boys, demonstrated higher average variables of heart rate (p <0.05, p <0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (p <0.01, p <0.001) through all age groups. By analysis of individual values obtained for blood pressure and heart rate, 77.2–70.2% of boys and 80.2–75.1% of girls could be referred to those having normal indices. 11.3% of boys and 10.3% of girls exhibited blood pressure variables close to the upper lim it of the norm (high norm), and 11.5% and 9.5% of schoolchildren, respectively, were diagnosed with hypertension. Body weight deficiency or overweight were characteristic of 7.2% and 8.7% of girls, and 4.7% and 6.1% of boys, respectively (p <0.05). Quite similar percentage of children could be considered obese: 2.5% of boys and 2.7% of girls.

Conclusion. The most pronounced changes in children’s cardiohemodynamic performance develop in puberty: in girls from ages 11 to 13, in boys at ages 11–14 and 16–17. High incidence of arterial hypertension was observed in both boys and girls at 16–17. A positive correlation between body mass index and blood pressure level existed.

© 2024. This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 license