Karandasheva Victoria Olegovna

Introduction. Physical development of younger generation is considered to be important part of age biology issues. This research aimed to conduct the assessment study on physical development of modern children and adolescents born and permanently living in extreme conditions of the North-East of Russia, and compare it to the 2001 survey.

Materials and methods. Four thousand two hundred and seven schoolchildren aged 10–17, both males and females, participated in the 2019 monitoring. Basic anthropometric parameters were measured for each student: Body Length, Body Mass, Chest Circumference in pause, and Body Mass Index was calculated. We comparatively analyzed the age dynamics of the studied anthropometric indicators and the rate of change in these indicators during the year within each age group, as well as differences between the same age groups of the 2001 and 2019 surveys.

Results. Modern adolescents tend to be higher in somatometric indices as compared to those of previous years. Modern boys exhibited higher BM within the age of 13–16 (p<0.05), BL within the age of 11–16 (p<0.05), and CC at the age of 17 (p<0.05). They experience the active increase in their BM, BL, and CC starting at 12–13 while the boys from the 2001 survey demonstrated the comparable increase (p<0.05), they are higher in BM at the age of 12–15 (p<0.05), and CC at ages of 11 and 13–14 (p<0.05). Modern girls show the active increase in their BM, BL, and CC starting at 11–13, while it lasted until the age of 14 in the girls from the 2001 survey. The BMI variables proved to increase towards overweight and obesity: boys gained 2.2 kg and 5.4 kg, and girls 9.5 kg and 5 kg, respectively.

Conclusion. We found the shift of the growth leaps in BL, BM, and CC to younger ages as characteristic of the modern adolescents. In general, higher variables of the studied indicators are evidence of the ongoing acceleration processes in physical development. © 2023. This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 license

Introduction. This study compared body mass index and arterial blood pressure indices in boys and girls born in Magadan fr om ages eleven to seventeen.

Material and methods. A total of 633 girls and 784 boys aged 11–17 were randomly sampled for the examination which was fulfilled in school physician’s offices and in the summer period of June-July, 2018–2019, in a children’s health camp. Body length (BL, cm) and body mass (BM, kg) were measured, and BMI was calculated for each student. A complex of hard & software unit for noninvasive study of central hemodynamics and the method of volumetric compression oscillometry were used to test subjective cardiohemodynamic performance at rest.

Results. At the age of 14–17, boys tended to be higher in systolic blood pressure (mmHg) and body mass (kg) than girls (p <0.01, p <0.01). Girls, compared with boys, demonstrated higher average variables of heart rate (p <0.05, p <0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (p <0.01, p <0.001) through all age groups. By analysis of individual values obtained for blood pressure and heart rate, 77.2–70.2% of boys and 80.2–75.1% of girls could be referred to those having normal indices. 11.3% of boys and 10.3% of girls exhibited blood pressure variables close to the upper lim it of the norm (high norm), and 11.5% and 9.5% of schoolchildren, respectively, were diagnosed with hypertension. Body weight deficiency or overweight were characteristic of 7.2% and 8.7% of girls, and 4.7% and 6.1% of boys, respectively (p <0.05). Quite similar percentage of children could be considered obese: 2.5% of boys and 2.7% of girls.

Conclusion. The most pronounced changes in children’s cardiohemodynamic performance develop in puberty: in girls from ages 11 to 13, in boys at ages 11–14 and 16–17. High incidence of arterial hypertension was observed in both boys and girls at 16–17. A positive correlation between body mass index and blood pressure level existed.

© 2024. This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 license

Introduction This study was aimed to evaluate the age-and sex-associated dynamics of the strength indices in Magadan city children and adolescents with different types of physique in the age ontogeny of 11–17 years old.

Materials and Methods One thousand eight hundred and ninety-seven male and female schoolchildren of Magadan city aged 11–17 years participated in the 2019 one-step physical development study. We registered the main somatometric parameters: body mass (BM, kg), body height (BH, cm), chest circumference (CC, cm), right and left hand muscle strength indices (MS, kg). We defined somatotype affiliation according to the main somatometric parameters: microsomatotype (MiS), mesosomatotype (MeS), and macrosomatotype (MaS).

Results Of the surveyed schoolchildren 19.8% had microsomatic type, 62.1% exhibited mesosomatic type and 18.1% – macrosomatic type. Acceleration and deceleration times of the hand muscle strength growth rates were revealed within the examined age periods. The maximums of these growth rates tended to develop earlier in meso- and macrosomatic type examinees. A dramatic fall in the right and left hand muscle strength gains was observed at the age of 14–15 years in boys, and, a year earlier at the age of 13–14 years in girls of macrosomatic type. The correlation between somatometric and strength indices was found.

Conclusion Our analysis of the age-related hand dynamometry in schoolchildren with different somatotypes suggested an unbalanced increase in strength performance indices depending on the type of physique. The levels of school students’ strength indices proved to be influenced by the body mass and height, which appeared to affect the results of dynamometry. Different somatotype subjects showed maximums of their strength growth rates in different ages, which may have been associated with physiological features of their growth and development.

© 2025. This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 license